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SIMULATION: ELECTROMAGNETIC FORMING
The electromagnetic forming technique is based on the generation of high intensity transitory magnetic fields through a rapid discharge (20-150 s) of electric energy on a specially designed coil. The transitory magnetic field induces eddy currents on the piece (good electrical conductor); the interaction between the coil currents and the ones induced on the piece, generate forces of repulsion that accelerate the piece and make it deform. This forming technique presents important advantages regarding conventional techniques; some of these advantages are: reduction of the elastic recovery and the speed of the process.
The nature of the process in which electromagnetic, mechanical and thermal phenomena in transitory regime are developed, involves the need of using calculation tools by the finite elements method in the design stages of the process.
Simulation makes it possible to evaluate the electromagnetic efficiency of the coil, obtaining the evolution of the electromagnetic fields and forces developed during the electrical discharge. This analysis, solved together with the thermal and mechanical analysis, makes it possible to determine the temporary evolution of the distribution of strains, temperatures and deformations of both the piece and coil.
The results obtained in the simulation and the proper selection of materials, have allowed us to obtain a robust and suitable design of the forming tools together with the final deformation and shape of the piece.
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